Produced through AI for educational purposes by The Institute of Education and Research Studies (IERS) – www.iers.com.pk Introduction The twenty-first century has witnessed unprecedented progress in medical science, transforming the way we understand, diagnose, and treat diseases. From the decoding…
1. Introduction: Understanding Agroterrorism and Its Global Impact Agroterrorism is a form of bioterrorism that targets agriculture, livestock, and food supply chains to cause economic damage, famine, or societal disruption. Unlike conventional terrorism, it does not always result in immediate…
A Brief but Shocking Story of Bio-war and Bio-weapons Introduction Throughout human history, warfare has evolved through innovations in tools, strategies, and technology. Among the most insidious of these advancements is biological warfare (biowar)—the use of pathogens or toxins to…
By The Institute of Education and Research Studies (IERS) Introduction: What Is Blockchain? Blockchain is more than just a buzzword—it’s a transformative technology that is redefining how data is stored, shared, and verified in the digital world. Originally developed as…